Quick referenceBacterial gill disease (Flavobacterium branchiophilum) is a common freshwater bacterial infection of fish gills. Causes rapid breathing + flared gills; treat with antibiotics + clean water.
Symptoms
Rapid breathing
Gill flaring
Surface gasping
Refusing food
Lethargy
Excess slime coat
Cause
Flavobacterium branchiophilum bacteria proliferate in poor water quality - high ammonia, high organic load, overcrowded tanks. Common in pond systems + commercial farms.
Treatment options
Kanaplex. Most effective. 7-10 day course in QT, daily water changes.
Furan-2. Alternative. Effective but slower.
Maracyn 2 (minocycline). Good for mild cases. Less expensive than Kanaplex.
Salt bath. Adjunct: 1 teaspoon per gallon aquarium salt for 7 days, plus medication.
Improve water quality. Foundation. Ammonia 0, nitrite 0, oxygen high (airstone). Reduce stocking 30%.
Always treat in a separate quarantine or hospital tank. Most medications are toxic to coral, invertebrates, and live rock biology. Consult an aquatic veterinarian for valuable fish.
Prevention
Avoid overstocking. Maintain water quality. Clean filter media regularly. Quarantine new fish.
Fatality + outcome
Moderate - kills 20-40% of stock if untreated. Stressed fish die fastest.